As of August 2025, the Medical Imaging department will no longer routinely use lead aprons (“shields”) on patients during X-ray exams. This includes general X-rays, mammography, CT scans, and other X-ray procedures.  

This routine use of shields is no longer considered effective and is not recommended, reflecting advancements in X-ray technology and health care safety. This change in practice aligns with other hospitals in Canada and worldwide, and is backed by a number of medical professionals and organizations around the world, including Health Canada and the Canadian Association of Radiologists. 

Rest assured, we are committed to providing you with safe, high quality, patient-centred care and have made this change to protect you more effectively. We understand that you may have questions about this. This page has answers to some frequently asked questions. 

Your care team will be happy to answer any additional questions or concerns you may have.  If you further questions or inquiries, you may fill out the form here or scan the QR code below.

What is lead shielding? 

Lead shielding is primarily used in Medical Imaging to reduce one’s exposure to radiation. It may come in the form of aprons, collars, shields, and more. It is also embedded into the exam rooms. 

Lead is a very dense material, which means it is really good at blocking or absorbing X-rays. When radiation hits lead, most of it is stopped or weakened so it cannot pass through easily. 

With that said, lead shielding is not intended to block the primary X-ray beam, the X-rays that are aimed at the body for a diagnostic image. Its intention is to block scatter radiation, the “stray” or “bounced” radiation that goes in different directions after the X-ray beam hits the human body. 

Why were shields used? 

For many years, it was thought that using shields during X-rays was needed to protect certain areas of the body from potential radiation exposure. We now know that the human body is not as sensitive to radiation as we used to believe, and patients receive much less radiation today. 

What has changed? 

New research and updated guidelines state that shielding during X-ray exams should no longer be done. This is because:

X-ray technology has improved.

• Most X-ray systems now automatically adjust the amount of radiation to use based on the body part being imaged.
• X-ray systems now use much lower and more targeted doses of radiation. The levels of radiation from most imaging exams are so low that the risk of harm to the patient is very small or zero.

Shielding can interfere with the exam.

• Shielding can negatively impact image quality by obscuring anatomical details and interfering with advanced X-ray systems that automatically regulate radiation. If the shield obstructs the imaging area, the system may compensate by increasing radiation levels, potentially delivering more exposure than necessary or intended for the targeted body part. 
• We may also need to repeat the X-ray, which leads to more radiation exposure.

What can I expect during my X-ray? 

The Department of Medical Imaging has the latest technology that uses the least amount of radiation needed to make high quality images. To keep radiation exposure to you as low as possible, the imaging technologist will ensure: 

• Safe positioning. We will get you into the best position for the type exam while keeping you comfortable and safe. We may also use aids to help keep you still. This will minimize your amount of radiation exposure.
• Appropriate technical factors. The most appropriate settings for your exam will be utilized to ensure the amount of radiation used is targeted and kept to a minimum.

What if I am pregnant or my child needs an X-ray? 

Not shielding your belly or child does not put you or your loved ones at harm. Current X-ray equipment provides better information than ever before and can capture quality images using much less radiation than in the past. Shielding can interfere with the exam, which may lead to increased radiation exposure. We are happy to discuss any concerns and explain alternative imaging options, where available. 

What if I still want to use a shield for me or my child?.

We understand medical procedures can be concerning. Please know that all decisions we make are based on the best available evidence and designed to keep you safe. 

As such, we do not recommend shielding during X-ray exams. For some exams, it is not possible to use a shield as it would cover up body parts that need to be imaged for your diagnosis. 

Shielding may be provided to those that request for it only if: 

• It does not block the body part that we need to image, and
• It does not negatively affect the image quality.

Why are caregivers still wearing shields? 

Your healthcare provider has determined the benefits of undergoing an X-ray exam outweighs the small risk of radiation exposure for your loved one. As a caregiver, you may need to stay with them during their test. In these instances, you will be required to wear a shield to protect you from scatter radiation.  

Because you are not the patient being imaged, there is no benefit nor need for you to be exposed to any radiation at all, and so shielding must be provided as a precaution.  

Why are staff still wearing shields? 

Staff continue to wear shields because they are exposed to X-rays multiple times a day as part of their routine work. As such, they are at a higher risk of repeated cumulative radiation exposure. If they do not wear a shield, the total amount of scatter radiation they are exposed to over time can add up to harmful amounts. 

For More Information, please contact the Medical Imaging department at (416) 242-1000 ext. 63001.